Abdulla, Rasha (2017): “How Diverse Are Egypt’s Media: A Look at the Post-Revolution Presidential Elections.” Journal of applied journalism & media studies 6, no. 3 (2017): 507–525.
This article examines media diversity and inclusiveness of the coverage in Egypt through a content analysis of Egyptian media during the first Presidential elections following the 25 January revolution of 2011. Diversity is defined as the inclusiveness of different groups in terms of race, ethnicity, religion, nationality, age, income-based discrimination, gender and any other factors that make individuals or groups different from, but equal to, each other. The author used quantitative content analysis of four popular state and private newspapers and a critical analysis of the main television news bulletin and several talk shows. Overall, the coders analysed a total of 5308 stories that were published on the elections in the four newspapers. They also analysed the main news bulletin and three talk shows on state and private satellite channels. Analysis started a week before and ended a week after each round of the Presidential elections for a total of 32 monitoring days. The research addressed diversity both in terms of the agents featured in the media and the topics mentioned/discussed. The results indicate that, even though the journalistic standards were sometimes reasonable, coverage ignored important issues of substance and all issues related to inclusiveness and diversity as they relate to women, children, the elderly, religious minorities and ethnic minorities. The study concludes that diversity issues are still largely ignored in the Egyptian media.
Abdulla, Rasha (2017): “How Diverse Are Egypt’s Media: A Look at the Post-Revolution Presidential Elections.” Journal of applied journalism & media studies 6, no. 3 (2017): 507–525.
Badr, Hanan (2020): “Egypt’s Media System: Historic Legacies and Blocked Potentials for Independent Media.” Publizistik 65, no. 1 (2020): 63–79.
Badr, Hanan (2019): “Before the ‘Arab Spring’: How Challengers Pushed Counter-Issues in Egypt’s Hybrid Media System.” Media, war & conflict (2019): 175063521989461–.
Badr, Hanan (2021). Egypt. A Divided and Restricted Media Landscape after the interrupted Transformation. In: Arab Media Systems (ed. C. Richter and C. Kozman). Open Book Publishers, pp. 215-232.
Fahmy, Ziad (2010): “MEDIA-CAPITALISM: COLLOQUIAL MASS CULTURE AND NATIONALISM IN EGYPT, 1908–18.” International journal of Middle East studies 42, no. 1 (2010): 83–103.
Guaaybess, Tourya (2013): Reforming Egypt’s Broadcasting in the Post-25 January Era: The Challenges of Path Dependence. In: Guaaybess, Tourya (ed.): National Broadcasting and State Policy in Arab Countries. Houndmills: PalgraveMacmillan, pp. 117-130.
Hafez, Kai (2015): Radically Polarized Publics and the Demise of Media Freedom in Egypt. Égypte/Monde arabe, Troisième série, 12, 37-49. https://ema.revues.org/3397
Hamdy, Naila (2009): Arab Citizen Journalism in Action: Challenging Mainstream Media, Authorities and Media Laws. Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, 6(1), 92-112.
El Kasm, Saeb (2020): “State Crime, Civil Society and the Use of Digital Technology in Counter-Hegemonic Struggles : a Case Study of Egypt’s Mosireen Media Collective”. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2020.
Kaye-Essien, Charles Wharton, and Mai Ismail (2020): “Leadership, Gender and the Arab Media: a Perception Study of Female Journalists in Egypt.” Feminist media studies 20, no. 1 (2020): 119–134.
Khamis, Sahar (2011). The Transformative Egyptian Media Landscape: Changes, Challenges and Comparative Perspectives. The International Journal of Communication, 5, 1159–1177.
Lim, Merlyna (2012): Clicks, Cabs, and Coffee Houses: Social Media and Oppositional Movements in Egypt, 2004–2011. In: Journal of Communication, Vol. 62, pp. 231–248.
Open Technology Fund (2019): Digital Authoritarianism in Egypt. Digital Expression Arrests 2011-2019.
Rugh, William A. (2004): Arab Mass Media: Newspapers, Radio, and Television in Arab Politics. Westport: Praeger. (Kapitel 3: The transitional System of Print Media: Egypt, Jordan, Tunisia, and Algeria)
Sakr, Naomi (2013): Transformations in Egyptian Journalism. London: IB Tauris.
Sakr, Naomi (2016): Survival or sustainability? Contributions of innovatively managed news ventures to the future of Egyptian journalism. Journal of Media Business Studies 13(1), S. 45-59.
El-Shahed, Heba (2020): “Social Media Mobilization and Political Activism in Egypt.” Global media journal 18, no. 34 (2020): 1–8.
El-Shamy, Alaa A (2019): “The Democratic Consequences of Online Media Consumption in Post-Revolutionary Egypt.” Journal of Arab & Muslim media research 12, no. 1 (2019): 65–86.
Valeriani, Augusto (2014): “Transformations in Egyptian Journalism.” Journal of media practice 15, no. 2 (2014): 150–151.
